The Shift from French to English in Algeria: Practices and Perceptions of Generation Z in Tebessa The Case of Medical Students at Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University

Abstract

This study investigates the evolving language dynamics among Algeria’s Generation Z, with a particular focus on the shift from French to English in the aftermath of the Hirak movement. Adopting a mixed- methods research design, the study combines quantitative data from a trilingual questionnaire (Arabic, French, and English) and qualitative insights from open- ended responses. The research sample consists of 43 first-year medical students from Larbi Tebessi University in Tebessa. The study addresses two main research questions: what are the functional uses of English in comparison to French among Generation Z? And how does Generation Z perceive the shift from French to English? The findings reveal a noticeable preference for English, driven by perceptions of modernity, international opportunities, and career advancement. However, students also recognize significant sociolinguistic, institutional, and generational challenges that hinder the complete replacement of French. Students report that English is increasingly used in academic and digital contexts, but French remains entrenched in institutional and everyday communication. The study recommends expanding future research to include broader geographic and disciplinary samples, integrating more qualitative methods, and addressing potential academic biases. These findings contribute to ongoing discussions on language policy, identity, and the future of multilingualism in Algeria.