Abstract:
Abstract
This study investigates slope stability challenges in a geologically complex mountainous terrain where a
phosphate transport railway is being constructed. Combining advanced numerical modeling (PLAXIS
2D/2024) with comprehensive field investigations, the research evaluates stability across three distinct
geological facies: unstable diapiric gypsum-clay formations requiring reinforcement, competent
limestone strata demonstrating inherent stability, and plastic clays showing critical susceptibility to
failure. Key findings reveal rainfall infiltration reduces safety factors by 25-40% in weak formations,
while dynamic train loads induce progressive deformations (<5 mm) in plastic clays. The study
establishes optimal slope designs (65° benched excavations) and proposes targeted mitigation measures
including drainage systems and soil nailing. By developing a validated modeling framework for multilithological terrains, this research provides both practical solutions for the current project and a
methodological template for similar infrastructure developments in geologically challenging
environments. The results emphasize the necessity of lithology-specific engineering approaches and
real-time monitoring to ensure long-term slope stability
Keywords: Slope stability analysis; Geotechnical modeling; Diapiric formations; PLAXIS 2D
simulation; Rainfall-induced landslides; Mining infrastructure.
